FYI. Acid Mine Drainage may be valuable feedstock.
JBK
See more at:
http://wvutoday.wvu.edu/n/2015/12/14/wvu-leads-efforts-to-study-recovery-of…
West Virginia could become one of the country's significant sources for rare earth elements, the "vitamins of modern industry," without the expense or environmental cost of opening new mines. Last week, the United States Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory, or NETL, selected West Virginia University to conduct a $937,000 research project in support of DOE's program to Recover Rare Earth Elements from Coal and Coal Byproducts.
Rare earth elements, or REEs, are chemical elements in Earth's crust that are essential ingredients in modern technologies such as cell phones, rechargeable batteries, DVDs, GPS equipment, medical equipment and many defense applications.
Conventional rare earth extraction grinds large volumes of hard rock and removes rare earths through acid extraction. The process is energy intensive, disturbs large areas of pristine land, and generates large volumes of toxic tailings. Because of this and the cost of developing domestic sources, the U.S. imports nearly all of its REEs.
There are other methods for obtaining REEs. Some coal-related waste streams are enriched with REEs, sparking interest in evaluation of these wastes as a potential domestic supply. WVU's project, "Recovery of Rare Earth Elements from Coal Mine Drainage," brings together academia, state regulators and industry to collaborate on finding a successful recovery technology for total REEs from acid mine drainage, or AMD.
Paul Ziemkiewicz, director of the West Virginia Water Research Institute and principal investigator for the project, and co-investigators Xingbo Liu, professor of mechanical engineering, and Aaron Noble, professor of mining engineering, will test different sources of AMD solids and methods for extracting valuable REEs. The team has already identified solids precipitated during treatment of AMD, as an enriched source of REEs, particularly the more valuable, heavy elements.
AMD is a waste stream generated by Appalachian coal mining that is created when sulfide minerals in rocks are exposed to air and water. Active coal mines are required to treat this water resulting in the precipitation of AMD solids which must be disposed of.
In Pennsylvania and West Virginia alone, it is estimated that AMD generates more than 45,000 tons of total REEs per year or about three times the current U.S. demand for total REEs.
The team will work with industry partners Mepco Inc., Consol Energy and Rosebud Mining as well as the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection's Office of Special Reclamation to not only identify enriched AMD solids but to develop ways to integrate rare earth extraction with their current mine drainage treatment operations.
WVU's approach capitalizes on the fact that acid mine drainage is an existing source of acid which extracts rare earths from coal-related rock. As the coal industry treats this acid water to meet regulatory requirements it generates huge volumes of solids which require disposal.
"Those solids are our feedstock," Ziemkiewicz said. "And in a sense, it's already pre-processed." Liu and Noble will develop ways to further concentrate REEs so that it can supply the metal refining industry. No new mines will be needed to generate this domestic supply of rare earths, and rejects will be returned to the AMD treatment plant's disposal system requiring a negligible environmental footprint.
-
Put This Coal Kingpin in the Stocks
Disgraced CEO Don Blankenship won’t serve more than a year for effectively
killing 29 of his workers.
By Jim Hightower <http://otherwords.org/authors/jim-hightower/>
[image: Jim Hightower] <http://otherwords.org/authors/jim-hightower/>
Disgraced coal baron Don Blankenship didn’t get what he deserves in his
recent federal trial. But he richly deserves what he got.
“Guilty <http://www.wvgazettemail.com/article/20151203/GZ15/151209810/1419>,”
declared all 12 West Virginia jurors, who convicted this arrogant and
avaricious former CEO of Massey Energy of willfully conspiring to violate
America’s mine safety laws. As a result of that conspiracy, 29 miners were
essentially murdered by the corporation in a horrific explosion deep inside
Massey’s Upper Big Branch coal mine back in 2010.
Blankenship — a multimillionaire right-wing ideologue, union-buster, and
political heavyweight — ran the doomed mine as a lawless operation. This
kingpin of King Coal relentlessly put profit over people, recklessly
endangering miners. He made Upper Big Branch one of the most dangerous
workplaces in the country,
[image: Powered by Pollution, an OtherWords cartoon by Khalil Bendib]
Powered by Pollution, an OtherWords cartoon by Khalil Bendib
But coal is indeed king in West Virginia, where the royals can count on being
coddled
<http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2015/09/blankenship-trial-king-coal-wes…>.
Thus, Blankenship faces a maximum of just one year in prison. And his
diamond-studded legal team intends to have the jury’s unanimous verdict
tossed down the dark shaft of judicial favoritism for the rich.
What the mining baron deserved was to be put in stocks and subjected to a
steady stream of derision from the families of mineworkers who were hurt,
sickened, and even killed to haul up coal so Blankenship could live in
luxury.
He escaped that justice, but he’ll never shake off the guilty judgment of
the jurors. The month-long, widely covered trial fully documented the rank
immorality of this man and his ill-gotten fortune.
Blankenship undoubtedly thinks he got away with murder. But in the court of
public opinion, he’s turned his name into a four-letter word.
OtherWords columnist Jim Hightower is a radio commentator, writer, and
public speaker. He’s also the editor of the populist newsletter, The
Hightower Lowdown <http://www.hightowerlowdown.org/>, and a member of the
Public Citizen board. OtherWords.org <http://otherwords.org/>.
Tagged: coal <http://otherwords.org/tag/coal/>, corporate crime
<http://otherwords.org/tag/corporate-crime/>, Corporate Greed
<http://otherwords.org/tag/corporate-greed/>, Massey coalmine
<http://otherwords.org/tag/massey-coalmine/>, West Virginia
<http://otherwords.org/tag/west-virginia/>, workplace safety
<http://otherwords.org/tag/workplace-safety/>
--
Paul Wilson
Project Healing Waters Fly-fishing
Sierra Club Military Outdoors
504 Jefferson Ave
Charles Town, WV 25414-1130
Cell: 304-279-1361
"There is no forward until you have gone back" ~Buddha
"In all things of nature there is something of the marvelous" ~ Aristotle
JUSTICE, ONLY JUSTICE, SHALT THOU PURSUE. Deuteronomy 16:20
I will be at a Marcellus workshop, but ti would be great if someone form the EECT could participatye in this webinar and report back what you learned.
Synapse Energy is a consulting firm we have used in some past PSC cases, and they are rapidly gaining a national reputation as the go-to guys for this kind of stuff. It is credible, detailed, and very specific technical information delivered in a format that is easy for lay people like us to use.
JBK
________________________________
From: Synapse Energy Economics <messenger(a)webex.com>
Sent: Wednesday, December 9, 2015 11:45 AM
To: James Kotcon
Subject: Invitation to Webinar: Energy Efficiency and the Clean Power Plan
[https://synapse-energy.webex.com/ec3000/downloadServlet/emailImage?USID=5a4…]
Energy Efficiency and the Clean Power Plan
Date: Tuesday, December 15, 2015
Time: 2 PM EST
Duration: 1 hour
Energy efficiency is widely recognized as an abundant and low-cost option for complying with the requirements of EPA's Clean Power Plan. Whether states choose a mass-based or a rate-based approach to compliance, energy efficiency should be the primary strategy for complying with the Clean Power Plan.<http://synapse-energy.com/about-us/blog/does-energy-efficiency-have-role-ma…> However, concerns about fairness between customer types-those who participate in programs and see immediate reductions in bills and those who do not-create a barrier to widespread implementation of efficiency programs. Synapse will release a factsheet and accompanying report next week that discuss strategies to increase customer participation, enhancing fairness.
[http://www.synapse-energy.com/sites/default/files/synapse-header-logo.png]<http://synapse-energy.com/about-us/blog/does-energy-efficiency-have-role-ma…>
Does Energy Efficiency Have a Role in Mass-Based Clean ...
Yes, it does. Unfortunately, some confusion persists about how energy efficiency measures can be applied to mass-based compliance within the Clean Power Plan.
Read more...<http://synapse-energy.com/about-us/blog/does-energy-efficiency-have-role-ma…>
We invite you to join us for a webinar discussing these strategies and how states can leverage funds generated by Clean Power Plan compliance to further implement efficiency. Jennifer Kallay and Kenji Takahashi, Synapse experts on energy efficiency, will present and answer questions from participants. This webinar is free and open to the public.
To register for the online event:
-------------------------------------------------------
1. Go to https://synapse-energy.webex.com/synapse-energy/onstage/g.php?MTID=eb66d4e4…
2. Click "Register."
3. On the registration form, enter your information and then click "Submit."
Once the host approves your registration, you will receive a confirmation email message with instructions on how to join the event.
Please note: The webinar software does not support computer audio on Mac computers. If you plan to use a Mac, please call into the conference line provided when you join the event.
When calling in to the conference line, please enter the attendee number displayed under the access code.
-------------------------------------------------------
For assistance
-------------------------------------------------------
You can contact Synapse at:
webinar(a)synapse-energy.com