Subject: <Eckerlin brothers> Dunkard roots on the Monongahela

Samuel, Israel, Gabriel and Emmanuel Eckerlin came to America with their Mother from the Alsase region between France and Germany. They settled in Germantown, north of Philadelphia then removed to the Ephrata Cloister in Lancaster County of Pennsylvania. They were far too progressive for the Headmaster Conrad Bissell, who expelled them.

Except for Emmanuel, they moved first to the New River valley in Virginia, then to the mouth of what is now Dunkard Creek (named for them) on the Monongahela River, and subsequently (due to threats of Indian attack) to a fertile bottom just above Kingwood (now in Preston County) in the Cheat River valley. Camp Dawson is on this land today.

George Washington took Samuel back to Williamsburg in Virginia to negotiate whether the Eckerlins could remain west of the Alleghenies, and in the meantime the Quebec Indians captured Israel and Gabriel, taking them to Quebec in Canada from which location the French took them back to France, where they died in Jail. They were victims of the conflicts known as the French and Indian War. Since they spoke German, they were always under suspicion by the English, by the French, and by the Indians.

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From about 1748 to 1756, the Eckerlins travelled with groups

of followers who did farming; and the Eckerlins travelled with pack horses so as to make annual trips back to Philadelphia to deliver animal furs.

Samuel Eckerlin was an accomplished medical man whose service were sought by pioneers and friendly Indians. Israel Eckerlin was an accomplished religious philosopher whose writings were burned by Conrad Bissel at the Cloister. Gabriel Eckerlin was an accomplished hunter who frequently sought out bear and buffalo in the Alleghenies. .

The Eckerlins acquired extensive land holdings at various locations, at the Ephrata Cloister and in the Allegheny mountains. Subsequently, Samuel Eckerlin settled in the Shenandoah valley, as is described below.

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The Shenandoah valley became a crossroads for immigrant trails. Though the settlers were mostly farmers, most were still highly-specialized tradesmen that consisted of millers, carpenters, blacksmiths, coopers, and linen weavers. The most important of these trades was Funk's Mill, already in existence as early as 1743. Two of the earliest settlers, Ezekiel Sangmeister and Anthony Hollenthal, were members of the Sabbatarian Brotherhood called Dunkers. We are very indebted to these two as they kept very descriptive journals which told of their daily life and struggles. Sangmeister's carpentry work was highly respected and his skills were in great demand. With Samuel Eckerlin's arrival, the area became a trading center, and the first apothecary was opened. Using herbs and treatments learned from Indians, he soon built a reputation as a resident doctor and settlers came as far as 20-40 miles for treatment. In 1762, Eckerlin was joined by George Keller, a Dunkard Doctor from Ephrata. Others soon followed with the arrival of Martin Kroll in 1756 and Valentin Bruckmann in 1761. [Exerpted from the Hildebrand family geneology references].

See Also: _http://www.cob-net.org/cloister.htm_ (http://www.cob-net.org/cloister.htm)